Forex leverage & spread

First Published date: 9. September, 2022Last Updated: 13. March, 2023Fact-checked by Adrian Müller
The world of trading currencies, also known as foreign exchange (or Forex), is one of the most dynamic and exciting markets. It’s fast and offers numerous opportunities for traders of all levels. Every forex trader should have a basic idea of key concepts such as leverage, spread, etc.
These basic concepts are not rocket science but hold massive importance, especially regarding investors’ financial safety. Without the proper knowledge of these two, you cannot trade safely.
In this article, we’ll explore how these concepts work and how they can affect your trading. We will also shed some light on a few relevant topics, so without any further ado, let’s get started.
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79% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
79% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
Spread bets and CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 76% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading spread bets and CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how spread bets and CFDs work, and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
Table of Content
What is Leverage in Forex Trading?
Leverage in Forex trading is a way for traders to borrow capital to gain greater exposure to the market. It is an essential tool for forex traders to increase their trading capital and generate higher returns.
Leverage enables traders to open larger positions than they ordinarily could with their money. It can increase their returns with leverage. However, leverage also increases the risk. This is because losses can stack up on the trader if the market moves against them. To ensure that traders are aware of the risks regarding leverage, they must use a risk management strategy.
Leverage in Forex trading works by allowing the trader to borrow capital from a broker to increase the size of their trading position. This lets the trader make bigger profits or losses with the same capital contribution. Typical leverage ratios are 50:1 or 200:1; for every $1 the trader has in their account, they can trade up to $50 or $200, respectively.

Plus500 is a trusted global brand that offers an easy-to-use trading platform for online traders, alongside access to share trading, crypto and a thorough selection of CFDs.
79% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
Forex Leverage Calculation
Forex traders must calculate everything correctly to make sure of safe investments. To help make your decision easier, there are plenty of forex leverage calculators available. A forex leverage calculator lets you quickly and easily calculate an ideal leverage ratio for your trading objectives.
You can also use a mathematical equation to do it yourself. All you need to do is enter the capital available to trade. The calculator will automatically determine your ideal leverage ratio (L). The leverage ratio is then calculated by dividing your asset value (A) by equity (E). Here’s the equation for forex leverage calculation:
L=A/E
Using this equation, you can find any variable if you have the value of two other variables. You can calculate the asset amount by multiplying leverage with margin. Similarly, you can find the equity by dividing the asset amount with leverage.
What Does High Leverage Mean?
Imagine trader x has $100,000 in their cash account and uses a 50:1 leverage. This means they can trade up to $5,000,000 – the equivalent of five ordinary lots in the currency market. A standard lot is equal to 100,000 quoted currency units. In comparison, a mini lot is 10,000 base currency units, and a micro lot is 1,000 quote currency units.
Pips are the units of measurement in forex trading, and the lowest unit of price change is the pip. With the 50:1 leverage, trader x can maximize their profits in the foreign exchange market.
Trading in the foreign exchange market (Forex) can be lucrative but also carries a high level of risk due to its use of high leverage. For example, a trader buying five standard lots in the quotation currency of US dollars will be exposed to a potential loss of $2,500 (50 pips x $50) if the transaction goes against them by 50 pips.
This represents a quarter of their whole $10,000 trading account! To maximize the potential rewards of trading in the Forex market, traders must be aware of the risks involved and have a well-thought-out risk management plan to help reduce the number of potential losses.
They should also remain vigilant and cautious, using leverage as a tool, not a crutch. With the proper risk management strategies and controlled leverage, traders can enjoy the potential rewards of trading in the Forex market without blowing up their trading accounts.
How to Pick the Proper Leverage?
Choosing the right leverage is crucial because leverage acts as a double-edged sword. Here is how you can stay on the safer side when picking leverage:
- You should always maintain low levels of leverage. Using excessive leverage can result in a rapid increase in potential losses and can lead to a margin call.
- Use trailing stops to reduce the downside and protect your capital. A trailing stop is an order that tells the brokerage to automatically close your position when the price moves a certain percentage below the current value.
- Limit capital to 1% to 2% of your total on each trade. This helps you manage your risk and ensures you don’t expose yourself to excessive losses.
Impulsive nature is the last thing you need when trading forex. Jumping on the wagon without thinking twice can be your undoing. Think twice, thrice, rethink then make decisions.
Forex Leverage and Trade Size
When trading larger sizes, a broker’s margin requirements may differ from those for smaller trades. A 100:1 leverage ratio requires at least 1% of the trade value as a backup.
Standard trading occurs on 100,000 units, meaning that the leverage given for this deal size can be 100:1 or 50:1. A high leverage ratio like 200:1 is the norm for transactions valued at $50,000 or less. Some brokers allow investors to perform smaller trades with lower margin requirements like $10,000, $20,000, or $50,000. However, a new account may not be eligible for such transactions.
It is essential to consult with your broker about the specific margin requirements for the size of your trades. For example, a broker may provide 50:1 leverage for $50,000, requiring a minimum margin of 2% or $1,000 in collateral. However, the necessary margin and leverage can vary depending on the currency and the broker’s requirements.
For example, some brokers may require a margin of 10-15% for emerging market currencies but provide a lower leverage of 20:1. Remember, the margin required and leverage may change depending on the broker and currency. Therefore, confirming the requirements with your broker before making trades is essential.
Brokers must manage their risk while trading in the forex markets. This may include increasing a trader’s margin need or decreasing their leverage ratio and position size. Forex leverage is typically larger than the 2:1 leverage routinely offered on equities and the 15:1 leverage in the futures market.
The 100:1 leverage might appear scary, but the risk is negligible, considering that currency values often fluctuate by less than 1% in intraday trading. Brokers could not provide as much leverage if currency prices changed drastically as stocks.
Award-Winning Trading Brokers:



Rating:
Regulated By:
FCA, CySEC, ASIC, FMA, FSA, FSCA
CySEC (EU), FCA (UK), ASIC (Australia)
BaFin, FCA
Demo Account:
✔ Free
✔ Free
✔ Free
Live Account:
$100
$200
0
Spreads From:
Variable from 0.5 bps
Variable from 1.0 bps in EUR/USD
Variable from 0.4 bps
Selection Of Instruments:
2000+
1000+
17.000+ (FX, Stocks, CFDs, Commodities and more)
Support:
24/7
24/7
24/7
Payout:
1 – 3 Days
1 – 3 Days
1 – 3 Days
79% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
79% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
Spread bets and CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 76% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading spread bets and CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how spread bets and CFDs work, and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
What is Spread in Forex Trading?
The spread is an essential concept for traders to understand. It is the difference between a currency pair’s bid and ask price. This spread is the difference between a trader’s buying and selling prices. It is interesting because the broker has set their commission within the transaction.
Many brokers take no commission for their services but make money in other ways. That’s where spread comes in. For example, if the bid price for the US dollar versus the Japanese yen is $1.50 and the asking price is $1.55, then the spread is five cents. This means that if a trader buys the US dollar at $1.50 and then sells it at $1.55, they would profit five cents.
A trader can use the spread to their advantage by buying at the bid price and selling at the asking price. This is known as “scalping,” when a trader makes a series of small trades to create a profit. Understanding the core concept of spread is crucial for forex traders.
Types of spread in forex trading
There are two types of spread in forex trading; fixed and variable. They sound self-explanatory, but there is slightly more to them. Let’s take a look:
Fixed Spread
A fixed spread is ideal for traders looking for reliable and consistent investment returns. With a fixed spread, the market conditions won’t matter – the spread stays the same, no matter how volatile or quiet the market is.
Brokers usually offer fixed spreads with a “dealing desk” model.
This means the broker buys significant positions from their liquidity provider(s) and sells them in smaller sizes to investors. By doing this, the broker acts as the counterparty to the trader’s trades and can offer fixed spreads.
The main benefit of trading with fixed spreads is avoiding sudden and unexpected losses. Since the spread is fixed, you can be sure it won’t change regardless of market conditions. This makes it easier to plan your investments and manage the risks.
Benefits of Fixed Spread Trading
- Cheaper alternative for traders who don’t have a lot of money to start trading with
- Calculating transaction costs are more predictable
- No need to monitor the spread since it is fixed

Plus500 is a trusted global brand that offers an easy-to-use trading platform for online traders, alongside access to share trading, crypto and a thorough selection of CFDs.
79% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
Negatives of Fixed Spread Trading
- Requotes can occur frequently
- Slippage can occur when prices are moving fast
- No room for further price improvements
Variable Spread
Variable spreads in Forex are constantly changing. With variable spreads, the difference between the bid and ask prices of currency pairs continually fluctuates. Non-dealing desk brokers offer variable spread. They obtain their pricing from multiple liquidity providers without the intervention of a dealing desk.
The supply and demand of the currency pairs and the overall market volatility determine the variable spreads. Generally, spreads will expand during economic data releases, holidays, and other times when liquidity in the market reduces. The variable spreads offered by non-dealing desk brokers are usually more competitive than those offered by dealing desk brokers.
This is because dealing desk brokers have more control over the spreads and can often set them higher. However, variable spreads may also be more volatile than fixed spreads, making trading riskier.
Benefits of Variable Spread Trading
- Eliminates experiencing requotes
- Variable spreads provide more transparent pricing
- Access to prices from multiple liquidity providers usually means better pricing due to competition
Negatives of variable Spread Trading
- Variable spreads can mitigate the profits of scalpers
- Variable spreads are not suitable for news traders
- Difficult to predict profitability
Measurement of Spread in Forex Trading
To be successful when trading forex, it’s essential to understand how to calculate the spread. The spread is the difference between a currency pair’s bid and ask price. In forex trading, the spread is the cost of a trade, the difference between the bid and ask price. Besides knowing what spread is in forex trading, one crucial factor you should know is how to calculate spread.
Calculating the spread in forex is simple. You need the value per pip and the number of lots you’re trading. To illustrate, let’s look at an example. Let’s say you buy EURUSD at 2.26510 and sell it at 2.26496. This means buying EURUSD and immediately closing it would result in a loss of 1.4 pips.
To determine the total cost, multiply the cost per pip by the number of lots you’re trading. If the spread is 1.4 pips and you’re trading five mini lots, your transaction cost is $7.00.
It’s important to note that the pip cost is linear. You must multiply the cost per pip by the number of lots you are trading. If you increase your position size, your transaction cost will also rise (reflected in the spread).
Conclusion
Forex leverage and spread are two of the most important factors in determining the success of a Forex trader. Understanding these factors is a precursor to doing things right in forex trading.
We can provide you with the necessary insights regarding these two crucial forex trading factors. Have a great day!
About the author – D. Schmidt
I’m a German stock trader who has lived around the world. I travel extensively and believe that my experiences give me a unique perspective on global markets. I love trading! It’s always exciting to see what happens next. My goal is to help people understand the game so they too can enjoy it to the fullest. In this blog, I will share some tips and tricks that helped me along the way.